نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

بررسی پدیده فرونشست دشت کرات با استفاده از مدل ریاضی MODFLOW و بر مبنای توسعه بسته عددی GMS

نویسندگان
1 دانشگاه دامغان
2 مجتمع آموزش عالی گناباد
3 شرکت آب منطقه ای خراسان رضوی
چکیده
در این مطالعه، فرونشست دشت کرات با استفاده از مدل‌سازی عددی به کمک نرم افزار GMS و کد MODFLOW شبیه سازی شده است. واسنجی مدل بر اساس تحلیل تصاویر ماهواره ای راداری فرونشست آبخوان، در یک دوره هشت ساله انجام شده است. مقادیر خطای حداقل مربعات میانگین خطا (RMSE) در حالت واسنجی حدود 80 سانتی‌متر بود که نشان دهنده دقت مناسب مدل است. بررسی بیلان مدل‌سازی و همچنین بیلان موجود در گزارشات موجود قبلی، نشان دهنده‌ی اختلاف کمتر از 20 درصدی نتایج می‌باشد که در مدل‌سازی آب زیرزمینی مقدار قابل قبولی می‌باشد. نتایج آنالیز حساسیت نیز نشان می‌دهد آبخوان کرات بیشترین حساسیت را به ترتیب به تغذیه سطحی و مقادیر هدایت هیدرولیکی دارد. در ادامه توسط بسته Interbed در GMS فرونشست آبخوان مدل‌سازی گردید که در آن نتایج شبیه‌سازی همچنین با تصاویر ماهواره ای محاسبه فرونشست کنترل گردید. نتایج به دست آمده از روش تداخل‌سنجی راداری از سال 1385 تا سال 1389 نشان‌دهنده یک پهنه فرونشستی به مساحت 20 کیلومتر مربع با بیشینه نرخ فرونشست 48 میلی متر در سال می‌باشد. آب زیرزمینی دشت کرات در بازه 20 ساله دارای روندی نزولی بوده و سطح آبخوان از سال 1370 تا سال 1390 حدوداً 35 متر، به طور متوسط سالانه 175 سانتی‌متر، افت نموده است. نتایج مدل‌سازی نشان داد که قسمت‌های جنوبی آبخوان بیشترین مکان هایی هست که مستعد فرونشست زمین است. در این مکان‌ها همچنین بیشترین تعداد چاه‌های کشاورزی نیز مشاهده می‌شود. مقایسه نتایج حاصل از فرونشست به‌دست‌آمده از تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و همچنین مدل‌سازی عددی نشان داد که بسته Interbed قادر به شبیه سازی فرونشست زمین به شرط وجود داده‌های اساسی آبخوان است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the subsidence phenomenon of the Karat Plain using the MODFLOW mathematical model and based on the development of GMS numerical package

نویسندگان English

Samira Bakhtiari 1
Houshang Khairy 1
Mahin Eatemadifar 2
Hojat Mirani Moghadam 3
Reza Barati 3
1 , Damghan University
2 University of Gonabad
3 Khorasan Razavi Regional Water Authority
چکیده English

This study investigates the subsidence of the Karat Plain aquifer using numerical modeling and satellite remote sensing techniques. A groundwater flow model was developed using MODFLOW to simulate the hydraulic behavior of the aquifer system. The model was calibrated against observed groundwater levels and subsidence rates derived from radar interferometry data. The calibrated model exhibited a good fit, with a Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of approximately 80 cm. The minimum Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values in the calibration mode were about 80 cm, which show that the accuracy of the model was adequate. Examining the modeling balance as well as the balance in the existing reports have a difference of less than 20%, which is an acceptable value in groundwater modeling. The results of the sensitivity analysis also show that the aquifer has the highest sensitivity to surface water recharge and hydraulic conductivity values, respectively. Subsequently, the subsidence of the aquifer was modeled by the subpackage in GMS, in which the simulation results were also controlled with satellite images to calculate the subsidence. The results obtained from the radar interferometry method from 2015 to 2019 indicate a subsidence zone with an area of 20 square kilometers with a maximum subsidence rate of 48 mm per year. The groundwater of the Karat Plain has been in a downward trend for 20 years and the aquifer level has dropped by about 35 meters from 1370 to 1390, an average of 175 cm per year. The modeling results showed that the southern parts of the watershed are the most prone to land subsidence. The largest number of agricultural wells are also observed in these places. Comparing the results of subsidence obtained from satellite images as well as numerical modeling showed that Interbed Package is capable of simulating land subsidence under the condition of basic aquifer data.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Land subsidence
groundwater model
Karat plain aquifer
MODFLOW
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