نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

تأثیر شیرابه لندفیل شهرستان بابلسر بر کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی

نویسندگان
طاهره آذری 1
مرضیه طوری کادرقلعه 2
فاطمه کاردل 2
1 دانشگاه خوارزمی
2 دانشگاه مازندران
10.22034/KJES.2023.9.1.106451
چکیده
نفوذ شیرابه حاصل از دفن پسماندها به داخل زمین و رسیدن آن به سفره‌های آب زیرزمینی منجر به آلودگی منابع آب زیرزمینی می‌گردد. با توجه به اهمیت منابع آب در وضعیت بحرانی کشور ایران، انجام تحقیقات جدی جهت حفاظت منابع موجود ضروری است. این تحقیق یک مطالعه موردی از شبیه‌سازی فرآیند نشت و انتقال شیرابه از لندفیل به آب زیرزمینی و میزان گسترش و مهاجرت چهار فلز سنگین (سرب، آهن، روی و کادمیوم) در آبخوان آبرفتی آزاد شهرستان بابلسر است. لندفیل مورد مطالعه در این تحقیق با مساحت 5 هکتار روزانه 150 تن زباله جامد شهرستان بابلسر را دریافت می‌کند. نفوذ و انتقال شیرابه به این آبخوان با استفاده از تکنیک تفاضل محدود و کدهای MODFLOW, MT3DMS در نرم‌افزار GMS شبیه‌سازی شده است. پس از اجرا و کالیبراسیون مدل کمی، مدل کیفی برای چهار فلز سنگین (سرب، آهن، روی و کادمیوم) اجرا گردید. با اعمال فرآیندهای همرفت، پراکنش هیدرودینامیکی و جذب، پتانسیل پاکسازی طبیعی هر عنصر بررسی شد و مدل کیفی انتقال آلاینده واسنجی و مقدار و نرخ جذب در محدوده مورد مطالعه برای هر عنصر تعیین گردید. بر اساس نتایج حاصل از شبیه‌سازی، ساختار و جنس زمین‌شناسی بیشترین تأثیر را در انتقال شیرابه حاصل از زباله‌های جامد شهری در لندفیل سنتی بابلسر داشته است. رس و مواد آلی موجود در خاک محدوده مورد مطالعه به دلیل تراوایی کم و ظرفیت بالای جذب آلاینده‌ها از انتقال و گسترش ابر آلودگی در آبخوان آبرفتی بابلسر جلوگیری نموده است. جهت پیش‌بینی پتانسیل پاکسازی طبیعی آبخوان در سال‌های آتی و تعیین سرنوشت این عناصر، نمودار تغییرات غلظت این عناصر تا رسیدن به غلظت استاندارد مجاز نسبت به زمان ترسیم گردید و معادله مربوط به هر عنصر تعیین شد. معادلات پاکسازی حاصل از مدل کیفی، ابزار مناسبی برای پیش‌بینی توسعه‌هاله آلودگی در آبخوان و تعیین تغییرات طبیعی غلظت این عناصر با زمان جهت مدیریت بهینه آبخوان در دست متخصصان است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلودگی آب زیرزمینی
لندفیل
فلزات سنگین
MT3DMS
MODFLOW

عنوان مقاله English

Influence of the Babolsar landfill leachate on groundwater quality

نویسندگان English

Tahereh Azari 1
Marzieh Touri Kadar-Ghale 2
Fatemeh Kardel 2
1 University of Kharazmi, Karaj, Iran
2 University of Mazandaran, Babolsar
چکیده English

The infiltration of leachate resulting from waste disposal into the ground and reaching the groundwater aquifers leads to the pollution of groundwater resources. Considering the importance of water resources in the critical situation of Iran, it is necessary to carry out serious research to protect the existing resources. This research is a case study to simulate the process of leakage and transfer of leachate from landfill to groundwater and the spread and migration of four heavy metals (lead, iron, zinc and cadmium) in the unconfined alluvial aquifer of Babolsar city. The 5 ha landfill investigated in this study receives 150 tons of solid waste per day from Babolsar city. Infiltration and transfer of leachate to this aquifer is simulated using finite difference technique and MODFLOW, MT3DMS codes in GMS software. After the implementation and calibration of the quantitative model, the qualitative model was implemented for four heavy metals (lead, iron, zinc and cadmium). By applying the processes of convection, hydrodynamic dispersion and absorption, the natural cleaning potential of each element was investigated and the qualitative model of pollutant transport was calibrated and the amount and rate of absorption in the studied range were determined for each element. Based on the simulation results, the structure and geological material have had the greatest impact on the transfer of leachate from municipal solid waste in the traditional landfill in Babolsar. Due to their low permeability and high capacity to absorb contaminants, clay and organic matter in the soil of the studied area have prevented the transmission and spread of pollution plume in the alluvial aquifer of Babolsar. In order to predict the potential of natural cleaning of the aquifer in the coming years and determine the fate of these elements, the graph of changes in the concentration of these elements until they reach the standard allowed concentration was drawn with respect to time and the equation for each element was determined. The cleaning equations obtained from the qualitative model are a suitable tool for predicting the development of the pollution plume in the aquifer and determining the natural changes in the concentration of these elements with time for the optimal management of the aquifer in the hands of experts.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Groundwater Pollution
landfill
Heavy metals
MT3DMS
MODFLOW
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