نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

ارزیابی تأثیر لندفیل و فاضلاب شهری بر آب‌های زیرزمینی آبخوان شهر حمزه، شمال‌شرق دزفول، با روش نگاشت خود‌سازمان‎ده

نویسندگان
محمد کاوه چلچه
فرشاد علی‌جانی
حمیدرضا ناصری
دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
10.22034/KJES.2025.11.2.108241
چکیده
شهر حمزه در شرق شهر دزفول در سال‌های اخیر با مشکل آلوده شدن چاه‌های آب شرب به نیترات شهری روبرو شده و منشأ لندفیل و فاضلاب به‌عنوان منشأ احتمالی این آلودگی مطرح شده‌اند. به منظور مطالعه منشأ نیترات و تأثیر عوامل زمین‌شناسی، از 10 حلقه چاه بهره‌­برداری در دی‌ماه 1396، مرداد و آبان‌ماه 1397 نمونه‌برداری شد. نمونه‌ها برای تعیین غلظت یون‌های اصلی و نیترات آنالیز شدند. تحلیل آماری، تحلیل عاملی، شاخص اشباع، نمودار پایپر و نقشه‌های هم‌ارزش‌ هدایت الکتریکی و کلر، انحلال هالیت را به عنوان مهم­‌ترین عامل زمین‌شناسی تأثیرگذار بر هیدروشیمی آب زیرزمینی شناسایی کردند. بر اساس خوشه‌بندی سلسه‌مراتبی و نگاشت خودسازمان­ده، نمونه‌ها به سه گروه تقسیم شدند، گروه اول در شمال منطقه مورد مطالعه دارای کم­ترین مقادیر EC (حدود 500 میکروموهس بر سانتی‌متر) و مواد محلول است، گروه سوم در جنوب منطقه دارای بیش­ترین مقادیر EC (حدود 1000 میکروموهس بر سانتی‌متر) و مواد محلول است. گروه دوم در میانه منطقه مورد مطالعه دارای مقادیر حد واسط دو گروه دیگر است. افزایش هدایت الکتریکی از گروه 1 به 3 ناشی از انحلال هالیت موجود در سازند آغاجاری و لهبری است. در تحلیل‌های قبل نیترات ارتباطی با سایر متغیرها نشان نداد. بر اساس ­نقشه‌­های هم ­نیترات بالاترین غلظت نیترات در جنوب شهر و در جهت جریان آب زیرزمینی مشاهده شد. همچنین در انتهای فصل کشاورزی غلطت بالای نیترات در مناطق کشاورزی مشاهده می‌شود. بنابراین فاضلاب شهری عامل اصلی و کشاورزی عامل فرعی آلودگی نیترات در منطقه مورد مطالعه است. اثر قابل توجهی از تأثیر لندفیل بر کیفیت آبخوان مشاهده نشد. نتایج این پژوهش کارایی روش SOM در خوشه‌بندی و شناسایی عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت آب زیرزمینی را نشان داد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلودگی آب زیرزمینی
لندفیل
هیدروشیمی
نگاشت خودسازمان‌ده
شهر حمزه

عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of landfill and municipal wastewater impact on groundwater in the aquifer of Hamzeh city, northeast of Dezful, using the self-organizing map method

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Kaveh Cholcheh
Farshad Alijani
Hamid Reza Nassery
, Shahid Beheshti University
چکیده English

In recent years, Hamzeh city, located to the east of Dezful, has faced increasing nitrate contamination in drinking water wells, with landfill leachate and urban wastewater proposed as the main potential sources of pollution. To investigate the origin of nitrate and the influence of geological factors, groundwater samples were collected from ten pumping wells during January 2018, August 2018, and November 2018. The samples were analyzed for major ions and nitrate concentrations. Statistical analysis, factor analysis, saturation indices, Piper diagrams, and electrical conductivity (EC) and chloride contour maps identified halite dissolution as the most significant geological process controlling groundwater hydrochemistry. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis and self-organizing maps (SOM), the samples were classified into three distinct groups. Group 1, located in the northern part of the study area, is characterized by the lowest EC values (approximately 500 µmho/cm) and dissolved solids. Group 3, situated in the southern part of the area, exhibits the highest EC values (approximately 1000 µmho/cm) and dissolved solids, while Group 2, located in the central part of the study area, shows intermediate characteristics. The progressive increase in EC from Group 1 to Group 3 is attributed to halite dissolution within the Aghajari and Lahbari formations. Previous analyses showed no significant correlation between nitrate and other hydrochemical variables. Nitrate contour maps indicate that the highest nitrate concentrations occur in the southern part of the city, coinciding with the direction of groundwater flow. Additionally, elevated nitrate concentrations were observed in agricultural areas at the end of the growing season. Therefore, urban wastewater is identified as the primary source, and agricultural activities as a secondary source of nitrate contamination in the study area, while no significant impact of the landfill on groundwater quality was detected. Overall, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the SOM approach in clustering groundwater samples and identifying the dominant factors affecting groundwater quality.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Groundwater Pollution
landfill
Hydrochemistry
Self-organizing map
Hamzeh city
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