نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

تفکیک فرونشست هیدروژئولوژیکی از تغییرشکل‌های سطحی ناشی از معدن‌کاری در منطقه گل‌گهر با استفاده از روش SBAS-InSAR

نویسنده
دانشگاه تهران
چکیده
این مطالعه با هدف پایش و تفکیک منشأ تغییرات ارتفاع سطح زمین در محدوده معدنی گل‌گهر، با استفاده از تحلیل سری زمانی 16 تصویر ماهواره‌ای Sentinel-1 در بازه زمانی سال 2017 تا 2025 و به‌کارگیری روش SBAS-InSAR انجام شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که بیشینه کاهش ارتفاع سطح زمین در محدوده پیت‌های معدنی با نرخ‌هایی بیش از 300 میلی‌متر در سال رخ می‌دهد که بیشتر ناشی از فعالیت‌های استخراجی، تغییرات مصنوعی توپوگرافی و فرآیندهای مکانیکی است و بیانگر فرونشست واقعی آبخوانی نیست. در مقابل، فرونشست واقعی و منطقه‌ای با الگوی پیوسته و گسترده در دشت چاه‌دراز با متوسط نرخ حدود 10 میلی‌متر در سال و در اراضی کشاورزی شرق کفه نمکی با متوسط حدود 7 میلی‌متر در سال مشاهده می‌شود که با افت تدریجی سطح آب زیرزمینی سازگار است. همچنین، کفه نمکی سیرجان رفتار پیچیده‌ای از تغییرات سطحی را نشان می‌دهد که ناشی از ترکیب فرآیندهایی مانند انحلال نمک و تغییرات رطوبتی است. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که عدم تفکیک بین تغییرشکل‌های ناشی از معدن‌کاری و فرونشست هیدروژئولوژیکی می‌تواند منجر به برآوردهای نادرست از مخاطرات شود. این مطالعه بر ضرورت تحلیل تفکیکی و مبتنی بر منشأ تغییر شکل برای مدیریت صحیح منابع آب زیرزمینی و ارزیابی مخاطرات در مناطق معدنی تأکید دارد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Separating hydrogeological subsidence from mining-induced surface deformation in the Gol-e-Gohar region using SBAS-InSAR

نویسنده English

Reza Jahanshahi
Faculty of Geology, Faculty of Science, University of Tehran
چکیده English

This study aims to monitor and distinguish the origin of ground surface elevation changes in the Gol-e-Gohar mining area using a time-series analysis of 16 Sentinel-1 SAR images acquired between 2017 and 2025, applying the SBAS-InSAR technique. The results reveal that the highest magnitude of surface lowering occurs within mining pit areas, with rates exceeding 300 mm/year, primarily driven by excavation activities, artificial topographic modifications, and mechanical processes, and therefore not representative of true aquifer-related subsidence. In contrast, regional and continuous land subsidence is observed in the Chah-Deraz Plain, with an average rate of approximately 10 mm/year, and in the agricultural lands east of the Sirjan salt flat, with an average rate of about 7 mm/year. These lower but spatially coherent subsidence patterns are consistent with long-term groundwater level decline. The Sirjan salt flat exhibits complex surface deformation behavior influenced by processes such as evaporite dissolution and moisture variations, which may produce signals similar to subsidence. The findings demonstrate that failure to differentiate mining-induced deformation from hydrogeological subsidence may lead to significant overestimation of subsidence hazards. This study highlights the necessity of a source-based, differentiated interpretation framework for accurate hazard assessment, sustainable groundwater management, and informed decision-making in mining regions.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

groundwater
Remote Sensing
Land subsidence
SBAS-InSAR
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