نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

ارزیابی میزان آلودگی و تأثیرات سلامتی عناصر بالقوه سمی در خاک‌های سطحی محدوده معدنی و کشاورزی در اطراف معدن باریت کوه مرقاول، شمال غرب مهاباد

نویسندگان
دانشگاه ارومیه
چکیده
کانه‌زایی و معدنکاری باریت با توجه به کانی‌های سولفیدی همراه، می‌تواند منبع مهمی برای آلودگی خاک‌ به عناصر بالقوه سمی باشد. ارزیابی درجه آلودگی و تأثیرات سلامتی خاک‌های مرتبط با ماده معدنی باریت به عناصر بالقوه سمی در محدوده معدنی کوه مرقاول واقع در شرق مهاباد موضوع پژوهش فعلی است. نمونه‌برداری از خاک‌های سطحی (عمق نمونه‌برداری 0 تا 5 سانتی‌متر) محدوده معدنی و کشاورزی به‌طور مجزا انجام شد. نمونه‌برداری از خاک‌های سطحی محدوده معدنی به‌طور سیستماتیک عمود بر امتداد رگه اصلی باریت و به تعداد 7 نمونه صورت گرفت. نمونه‌های خاک‌های کشاورزی از مرکز زمین‌های کشاورزی واقع در پایین دست محدوده معدنی و به تعداد 6 نمونه برداشت شدند. غلظت عناصر بالقوه سمی در نمونه‌ها با استفاده از روش طیف‌سنجی نشر نوری پلاسمای جفت شده القایی (ICP-MS) اندازه‌گیری شد. برای هضم نمونه‌ها از روش چهار اسید (هیدروفلوئوریک، پرکلریک، نیتریک و هیدروکلریک) استفاده شده است. میانگین غلظت اکثر عناصر بالقوه سمی زیادتر از میانگین ترکیب خاک‌های جهانی و میانگین ترکیب پوسته بود. ضریب غنی‌شدگی در خاک‌های محدوده معدنی برای As خیلی شدید، Cu و Ba شدید، Cd و Mn متوسط و در خاک‌های کشاورزی As دارای غنی‌شدگی شدید و Mo غنی‌شدگی متوسط است. نتایج شاخص‌های محیط زیستی منفرد (شاخص زمین‌انباشت، ضریب آلودگی و نمرو) نشانگر آلودگی خاک به عناصر بالقوه سمی به‌ویژه برای As, Ba و Cu است. بر اساس نتایج شاخص‌های آلودگی یکپارچه (مانند بار آلودگی ، PLI)، تمامی نمونه‌ها دارای درجه آلودگی زیاد هستند. بررسی تأثیرات سلامتی عناصر بالقوه سمی نشان می‌دهد که مواجهه طولانی مدت با عناصر As, Cr و Ni برای هر دو گروه سنی در محدوده معدنی و Cr و Ni در خاک‌های کشاورزی دارای خطرات سلامتی سرطان‌زایی قابل توجه است. خطر غیر سرطانزایی برای عناصر Ba, Cr, Mn و V و برای هر دو گروه سنی در صورت مواجهه طولانی با خاک‌های محدوده معدنی و کشاورزی زیاد است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Pollution and health risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in the topsoils from mining site and agricultural areas around the Kuh-e-Marghavol barite mine, northwest of Mahabad

نویسندگان English

Hanieh Farhadi
Hossein Pirkharrati
Masoumeh Ahangari
Yousef Rahim souri
Urmia University
چکیده English

Barite mineralization and mining can be a significant source of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in soils due to the presence of sulfide minerals. This study deals with the evaluation of soil pollutions and health risk assessment caused by barite mineralization and mining in the mining site of the Kuh-e-Marghavol, located in the east of Mahabad. Samples of topsoils (sampling depth 0-5 cm) from mining and agricultural areas were taken separately. Soil sampling in the mining area (7 samples were taken) was done systematically perpendicular to the main barite vein. Soil samples of central parts of agricultural areas (6 samples) were collected from the mining area's downstream. To determine the PTEs concentration, inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed. The samples were digested using the four-acid method, which includes hydrofluoric acid, perchloric acid, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid. In the examined samples, the concentrations of the majority of PTEs exceeded the corresponding values in the worldwide soil average and continental crust composition. Soils from mining site have a very high enrichment factor for As, a significant enrichment factor for Cu and Ba, and moderate enrichment for Cd and Mn. Agricultural soils have a significant enrichment factor for As and moderate enrichment for Mo. According to the individual environmental indices (geoaccumulation index, pollution factor, Nemerow index) the studied soil samples (mining site and agricultural soils) were polluted with PTEs especially As, Ba, and Cu. All samples exhibit high levels of pollution based on the values of the pollution load index (2

کلیدواژه‌ها English

barite
topsoil
potentially toxic elements
pollution index
health risk index
Mahabad
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