نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

مطالعه غلظت بخش های پایدار و ناپایدار فلزات مس، کادمیم ، سرب و جیوه براساس روش استخراج پی در پی در رسوبات سطحی حوزه جنوبی دریای خزر

نویسندگان
پژوهشکده اکولوژی دریای خزر، موسسه تحقیقات علوم شیلاتی کشور
چکیده
فلزات سنگین جزء آلاینده‌هایی هستند که در‌ بوم سازگان‌های‌ آبی مشکلات بسیاری را برای آبزیان و در نهایت برای انسان ایجاد می‌کنند. رسوبات به عنوان منبع ذخیره برای آلاینده های فلزی هستند که از دو منشاء طبیعی و انسان ساخت ناشی می شوند. بنابراین هدف از این مطالعه تعیین غلظت بخش‌های پایدار و ناپایدار فلزات مس، کادمیم ، سرب و جیوه رسوبات سطحی براساس روش استخراج پی در پی در اعماق 10 و 30 متری آب دریا در هشت نیم خط (Transect) طی سال های 1397 (پاییز و زمستان) الی 1398 (بهار و تابستان) در حوزه جنوبی دریای خزرسواحل ایران بود. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت (SE±) مس، سرب ، کادمیم (برحسب میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم وزن خشک) و جیوه (بر حسب میکروگرم برکیلوگرم وزن خشک) به ترتیب در بخش پایدار برابر (1.37±17.08)، (8.96±867.80)، (64.±4.82)، (05.±5.42) در ‌بخش ناپایدار (0.66±3.09)، (1.23±22.80)، (0.16±9.70)، (0.05±8.13) ثبت گردید. مقایسه غلظت بخش ناپایدار که قابل دسترس موجودات زنده است با استانداردهای جهانی نشان داد که غلظت عناصر مس و جیوه کمتر از استانداردها بود اما غلظت سرب وکادمیم بالاتر از استانداردهای جهانی ثبت گردید و نشان دهنده منشا انسان ساخت این دو فلز می باشد. نتایج اندازه گیری فلزات سنگین در رسوبات نشان داد که منشاء این فلزات بیشتر از منابع طبیعی و ژئوشیمیایی است و منابع انسان ساخت سهم کمتری داشته است. از نتایج تحقیق حاضر می توان نتیجه گرفت که تعیین غلظت کل فلزات سنگین نمی‌تواند نتایج دقیقی از آلودگی منطقه را نشان دهد لذا برای تعیین و ارزیابی آلودگی و تعیین دسترسی زیستی فلزات برای موجودات زنده شایسته است از بخش های پایدار و ناپایدار فلزات سنگین بهره برد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Study on Resistance and Non-Resistance parts of copper, cadmium, lead and mercury metals based on the sequential extraction method in the surface sediments of the southern basin of the Caspian Sea.

نویسندگان English

Maryam Rezaei
Hassan Nasrollahzadeh Saravi
Hourieh Younesipour
Sharareh Firouzkandian
Marzieh Rashidi Golrooye
Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center (CSERC), Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI)
چکیده English

Heavy metals are among the pollutants that cause many problems for aquatic organisms and, ultimately, for humans in aquatic ecosystems. Sediments serve as a reservoir for metal pollutants from both natural and anthropogenic sources. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the concentrations of both resistant and non-resistant forms of the metals Cu, Cd, Pb, and Hg in surface sediments at depths of 10 and 30 meters along eight transects from the fall and winter of 2018 to the spring and summer of 2019 in the southern Caspian Sea. The results showed that the mean concentration (±SE) of Cu, Pb, Cd (mg/kg dw), and Hg (µg/kg dw) in the resistant fraction were (17.08 ± 1.37), (867.80 ± 8.96), (4.82 ± 0.64), and (5.42 ± 0.05), while the non-resistant fractions were (3.09 ± 0.66), (22.80 ± 1.23), (9.70 ± 0.16), and (8.13 ± 0.05), respectively. When comparing the concentrations of non-resistant forms accessible to living organisms with international standards, it was found that the concentrations of Cu and Hg were lower than the standards, while the concentrations of Pb and Cd slightly exceeded the international standards, suggesting a man-made origin for Pb and Cd. The results of measuring heavy metals in sediments indicated that the contribution of anthropogenic sources to the origin of these metals is greater than that from natural and geochemical sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Metal pollutants
Surface sediments
Sequential extraction technique
Caspian Sea
Iran
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