نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

بررسی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک محدوده معدنی سنگان، استان خراسان رضوی

نویسندگان
زهرا یافتیان
عطا شاکری
مهرداد هادی پور دهشال
میثم رستگاری مهر
دانشگاه خوارزمی
10.22034/KJES.2023.9.2.104841
چکیده
استخراج معادن یک فعالیت ضروری برای توسعه کشورهاست، اما تأثیرات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم بر مناطق مورد بهره‌برداری و اطراف آن­ها دارد. معدن سنگ­آهن سنگان یکی از بزرگ­ترین معادن سنگ­آهن در خاورمیانه است که به صورت روباز استخراج می ­شود. هدف از انجام این مطالعه بررسی آلودگی خاک به فلزات­سنگین در محدوده ­معدنی سنگان است. در این پژوهش تعداد 44 نمونه از خاک ­های منطقه معدنی سنگان (خاک سطحی و عمقی) برداشته ­شده و آلودگی خاک پس از تجزیه با دستگاه ICP-MS، با استفاده از ضرایب زمین­ شیمیایی و تحلیل­ های آماری ارزیابی شد. توصیف آماری نتایج نشان داد که سرب با میانگین 4/138میلی ­گرم بر کیلوگرم بیشترین و کادمیم با میانگین 2/0 میلی­گرم بر کیلوگرم کمترین غلظت را در خاک ­های سطحی دارند. همچنین کروم با میانگین 2/102 میلی­ گرم بر کیلوگرم بیشترین وکادمیم با میانگین 2/0 میلی ­گرم بر کیلوگرم کمترین غلظت را در خاک­ های عمقی، در میان عناصر مورد مطالعه داشتند. میانگین غلظت عناصر آرسنیک، کروم و آهن در منطقه، بیشتر از غلظت آنها در ترکیب خاک میانگین جهانی است. در بین عناصر، سرب در دو ایستگاه با ضریب غنی­ شدگی 149 و 8/23 دارای غنی­ شدگی خیلی زیاد و شدید است. نتایج نشان داد که ازنظر شدت آلودگی بجز به صورت نقطه­‌ای و در مناطق خاص، آلودگی و خطر اکولوژیکی زیادی خاک منطقه را تهدید نمی ­کند. مهم­ ترین این نقاط شامل واحدهای برداشت پلاسر و حوضچه باطله شرکت احیاسپاهان، و نیز محل انباشت ضایعات شرکت صنعتی و معدنی توسعه فراگیر سناباد است
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلودگی
فلزات سنگین
خاک
معدن کاری
سنگان

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the contamination of heavy metals in soil of the Sangan mining area, Khorasan-Razavi Province

نویسندگان English

Zahra Yaftian
Ata Shakeri
Mehrdad Hadipourdeshal
Meisam Rastegari Mehr
Kharazmi University
چکیده English

Mining is a necessary activity for the development of countries, but it imposes direct and indirect negative impacts on the exploited areas and their surroundings. Sangan iron mine is one of the largest iron ore deposits in the Middle East, where the ore is extracted by open pit mining. The present study aims to investigate the soil’s concentration of heavy metals and to assess the level of soil’s contamination in the Sangan mining area. For these purposes, 44 samples of the soils (including both topsoils and subsoils) of the Sangan mining area were collected, and were analyzed by an ICP-MS device. The obtained data were analyzed by calculating the geochemical indices and statistical methods. On the basis of descriptive statistics of the analytical data, Pb with an average content of 138.39 mg/kg and Cd with an average concentration of 0.19 mg/kg had the highest and lowest concentrations in top soils, respectively. Moreover, Cr with an average value of 102.19 mg/kg, showed the highest, and Cd with an average of 0.2 mg/kg showed the lowest concentrations in subsoils. The average concentrations of As, Cr and Fe in the study area were higher than their respective values in the World-Soil Average composition. Among the elements, Pb had very high and severe enrichment in two stations with enrichment factor values of 149 and 23.85. The results indicated no severe soil pollution and ecological risk in the study area, except in some sampling sites. The most polluted soils were collected near the placer extraction units and tailing ponds of Ehya-Sepahan Company, as well as the waste rock pile of Sanabad Comprehensive Development Industrial and Mining Company.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Pollution
Heavy metals
Soil
mining
Sangan
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