نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

ژئوشیمی زیست‌محیطی، منشأ و ارزیابی خطر سلامتی عناصر بالقوه سمّی در خاک شهری شاهرود، استان سمنان

نویسندگان
زهرا شاکری
گیتی فرقانی تهرانی
دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود
10.22034/KJES.2023.9.2.106461
چکیده
هدف از انجام این پژوهش، بررسی ژئوشیمی زیست­ محیطی، منشأ و خطر سلامتی عناصر بالقوه سمّی در خاک‌های شهری شاهرود، استان سمنان است. به این منظور غلظت عناصر اصلی و جزئی در 26 نمونه خاک سطحی توسط دستگاه ICP-MS اندازه ­گیری شد. میانگین غلظت کل عناصر آرسنیک، کادمیم، کبالت، کروم، مس، منگنز، مولیبدن، نیکل، سرب، و روی به ترتیب 9/7، 1/0، 4/7، 5/77، 8/59، 9/448، 8/0، 5/31، 7/35، و 1/104 میلی‌گرم بر کیلوگرم است. نتایج حاصل از محاسبه ضرایب ژئوشیمیایی (ضریب غنی­شدگی، ضریب زمین ­انباشت، شاخص تک­ عاملی، شاخص آلودگی یکپارچه نمرو و شاخص خطر اکولوژیکی بالقوه) نشان می‌دهد که نمونه­ های خاک نسبت به عناصر بالقوه سمّی به ویژه آرسنیک، سرب و مس آلوده ­اند و بیشترین آلودگی در مناطق شمالی شهر مشاهده می ­شود. تحلیل خوشه­ ای و تحلیل مؤلفه اصلی نشان می‌دهد که منشأ احتمالی عناصر کبالت و منگنز طبیعی می‌باشد در حالی که عناصر کروم، مولیبدن، نیکل، روی، مس، آرسنیک، کادمیم و سرب از منشأ انسانی (به ویژه فعالیت‌های صنعتی و ترافیک­) وارد خاک شده­ اند. ارزیابی خطر سلامتی نشان می‌دهد که بلع سرب برای کودکان با خطر غیرسرطان‌زایی همراه است. خطر سرطان‌زایی عناصر آرسنیک، نیکل و کروم از طریق مسیر بلع برای کودکان بیشتر از مقدار استاندارد (4-10×1) است. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، آلودگی خاک منطقه به عناصر سرب، آرسنیک، مس، کروم و نیکل باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عناصر بالقوه سمّی
خاک شهری
آلودگی
شاهرود

عنوان مقاله English

Environmental geochemistry, source, and health risk assessment of the potentially toxic elements in the urban soils of Shahrood, Semnan Province

نویسندگان English

Zahra Shakeri
Giti Forghani Tehrani
Shahrood University of Technolog
چکیده English

The present study aims to investigate the environmental geochemistry, source, and health risk of potentially toxic elements in urban soils of Shahrood, Semnan Province. For this purpose, the total concentration of major and trace elements in 26 topsoil samples was determined using an ICP-MS device. The average concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb and Zn are 7.9, 0.1, 7.4, 77.5, 59.8, 448.9, 0.8, 31.5, 35.7 and 104.1 mg/kg, respectively. On the basis of the geochemical indices (i.e., enrichment factor, geoaccumulation index, single-factor analysis, nemerow integrated pollution index, and potential ecological risk index), the studied soils are polluted with potentially toxic elements, especially As, Pb and Cu, and the most polluted sites are located in the northern parts of the city. Statistical analyses (cluster analysis and principle component analysis) indicate that Co and Mn are mainly from natural sources, while Cr, Mo, Ni, Zn, Cu, As, Cd and Pb are probably from anthropogenic sources (especially industrial inputs and traffic). The health risk assessment shows that there is a non-carcinogenic risk of Pb for children through the ingestion route. The carcinogenic risk of As, Cr and Ni for children through the ingestion route is higher than the reference value (1×10-4). In conclusion, the pollution of the studied soils with As, Pb, Cu, Cr and Ni must be considered as a concern in the study area.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

potentially toxic elements
urban soils
Pollution
Shahrood
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