نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

نشریه علوم زمین خوارزمی

پتروژنز و جایگاه تکتونیکی باتولیت بزمان، جنوب شرق ایران

نویسندگان
لیلا واحدی 1
مرتضی دلاوری 1
اصغر دولتی 1
علی محمدی 2
1 دانشگاه خوارزمی، دانشکده علوم زمین، گروه زمین‌شناسی،
2 دانشگاه صنعتی زوریخ (ETH-Zurich) سوییس
10.29252/gnf.2.1.133
چکیده
باتولیت بزمان در جنوب شرق ایران و در حاشیۀ جنوبی بلوک لوت قرار دارد. این مجموعه نفوذی با طیف سنگ‌شناسی آلکالی‌گرانیت، گرانیتوئید حدواسط (کوارتزمونزونیت-کوارتزمونزودیوریت-گرانودیوریت) و گابرو همراه با دایک‌های لوکوکرات (آپلیتی) در درون سنگ‌های رسوبی پالئوزوئیک بالایی نفوذ کرده و سبب ایجاد هالۀ دگرگونی در سنگ‌های پیرامون شده است. نسبت A/NK>1 و 1> A/CNKنشان‌دهندۀ ماهیت متاآلومینوس گرانیتوئیدهاست. نسبت‌های اولیه 87Sr/86Sr نمونه‌های بزمان <0.706)) است که نشان‌دهندۀ خاستگاه ماگمایی نوع I است. از طرفی خصوصیات ژئوشیمیایی و کانی‌شناسی نیز نشان‌گر تیپ I باتولیت بزمان است. در نمودارهای هارکر روند تغییرات عناصر اصلی و فرعی با حصول گرانیتوئیدها از طریق فرایند تفریق ماگمایی از گابروها سازگاری نداشته که این مسئله با آرایش الگوهای نمودارهای عنکبوتی و عناصر نادر خاکی نرمال شده نیز تأیید می‌شود. در نمودارهای چند عنصری نرمال شده، عناصر لیتوفیل بزرگ یون(LILE) مانند Rb و K آنومالی مثبت داشته در حالی‌که عناصر با قدرت میدان بالا(HFSE) مانند Ti، Nbو Ta دارای آنومالی منفی هستند. با توجه به ژئوشیمی عناصر اصلی، مانند نسبت‌ کم (Na2O+K2O)/(MgO+FeO+TiO2)، K2O/Na2O و /(MgO+FeO+TiO2) Al2O3 و نیز مقادیر زیاد CaO/Al2O3 و CaO+FeO+MgO+TiO2، گرانیتوئیدهای حدواسط منطقه شباهت زیادی به مذاب‌های بخشی حاصل از یک منشأ آمفیبولیتی/ متابازالتی دارند. به‌علاوه مدل‌سازی عناصر کمیاب نیز نشان می‌دهد گرانیتوئیدهای حدواسط منطقه می‌تواند از ذوب بخشی دهیدراسیون بین ۱۰ تا ۳۰ درصد از یک منشأ آمفیبولیتی و با حضور مجموعه کانی‌های رستیتی پلاژیوکلاز، کلینوپیروکسن، ارتوپیروکسن و اکسیدهای آهن- تیتان حاصل شود. بر اساس اختصاصات شیمیایی، باتولیت بزمان در یک محیط قوس آتشفشانی (حاشیه فعال قاره‌ای) تشکیل شده است. از این رو، به‌نظر می‌رسد در زمان کرتاسه پسین، در موقعیت حاشیۀ جنوبی بلوک لوت یک حاشیه فعال وجود داشته که ناشی از فرورانش لیتوسفر اقیانوسی شاخه‌ای از نئوتتیس به زیر حاشیۀ جنوبی اورازیاست. طبق مدل جدیدی که در این تحقیق ارائه شده فرورانش یاد شده ممکن است متفاوت از فرورانش کنونی در منطقه مکران و در ارتباط با یک حوضه اقیانوسی در جنوب خرده قاره ایران مرکزی در موقعیت فرونشست جازموریان باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
گرانیتوئید
تیپ I
قوس آتشفشانی
بزمان
ایران

عنوان مقاله English

Petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the Bazman Batholith, Southeast Iran

چکیده English

The Bazman batholith is located in the south of Lut block, southeastern Iran. The intrusive rocks include alkali granite, intermediate granitoid (quartz-monzonite, quartz-monzodiorite and granodiorite), gabbro and some leucocratic dykes (aplitic) which have been intruded into upper Paleozoic sedimentary rocks and causing a contact metamorphic aureole. In the granitoids, A/NK>1 and A/CNK<1 ratios are indicative of metaluminous nature. Initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios for the Bazman samples (<0.706), are consistent with I-type magmatic sources. Furthermore, based on chemical characteristics and mineralogy, the granitoids are I-type. In the Harker diagrams major and trace elements variations are not consistent with generation of granitoids from gabbros via magmatic differentiation process which is also confirmed by the normalized REEs and multi-element diagrams. In the normalized multi-element diagrams, light ion lithophile elements (LILE) such as K and Rb display positive anomaly whereas high field strength element (HFSE) such as Ti, Nb and Ta represent negative anomaly. Based on major elements geochemistry including low (Na2O+K2O)/(MgO+FeO+TiO2), K2O/Na2O and Al2O3/(MgO+FeO+TiO2) ratios and high CaO/Al2O3 and CaO+FeO+MgO+TiO2 contents, intermediate granitoids are similar to those ofpartial melts of amphibolite/metabasalt sources. In addition, trace elements modeling show that the intermediate granitoids can be produced by dehydration partial melting (10 to 30%) from an amphibolitic source and restite minerals assemblage of plagioclase, clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene and Fe-Ti oxides. Based on major element geochemistry, the intermediate granitoids are comparable with the partial melts originating from a metabasaltic/amphibolitic source. Geochemical characteristics suggest that the Bazman batholith has been formed in a volcanic arc setting (active continental margin). Therefore, it seems that during upper-Cretaceous, the southern margin of the Lut block was an active continental margin due to the subduction of a Neo-Tethyan slab beneath southern margin of Eurasia. Here we proposed a new model in which the oceanic basin of southern Lut was probably different from the ocean which is now subducting beneath the Makran. Instead it was a closed oceanic basin beneath Jazmurian depression.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Granitoid
I- type
volcanic arc
Bazman
Iran
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